Sun exposure might feel refreshing, but its effects on your skin can be far from harmless. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun-especially UVA and UVB rays-penetrates the skin and causes both short-term tanning and long-term damage, warns Dr. Asmita Dhekne Chebbi, dermatologist at Apollo Spectra, Bangalore.

UVA rays go deep into the dermis, triggering premature ageing, pigmentation, and even DNA damage. UVB rays mostly affect the skin's outer layer, leading to sunburn. Over time, both types increase the risk of skin cancer.

People with different skin types experience different reactions.

• Fair skin (Type I & II): Burns quickly, tans poorly, and is more vulnerable to serious sun damage and skin cancer.

• Medium skin (Type III & IV): Tans easily, but prone to melasma and uneven pigmentation.

• Dark skin (Type V & VI): Has more melanin for natural protection, but prone to hyperpigmentation and conditions like lichen planus pigmentosus.

Tanning may fade, but pigmentation often stays.
To stay safe, always use a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+), reapply every 2–3 hours, wear protective clothing, and avoid peak sun hours (11 AM–3 PM). Sun protection is essential, regardless of skin tone.