On June 13, 2025, Israel launched a large-scale military offensive against Iran, dubbed Operation Rising Lion, targeting nuclear facilities, missile factories, key military installations, and senior commanders. Strikes were reported near the Natanz enrichment site, Khondab, Khorramabad, and across Tehran, triggering multiple explosions and alarming international observers.

Iranian state media confirmed the death of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commander‑in‑chief Hossein Salami, along with prominent nuclear scientists, marking a major escalation. Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei condemned the attacks, vowing “bitter and severe retaliation,” while Iran placed its air defenses on high alert and closed its airspace.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu defended the strikes as preemptive measures to forestall an imminent Iranian nuclear threat, asserting they would continue “for as many days as it takes”. The United States affirmed it was not involved, emphasizing its focus on safeguarding personnel and distancing itself from the operation.

Global markets reacted sharply: oil prices surged over 7%, stock futures slumped, and calls for de‑escalation intensified. The European Union and countries like New Zealand voiced deep concern, warning that this move risks triggering a broader regional conflict.