With UPSC CSE Mains 2025 beginning on August 22, aspirants must sharpen their focus on high-priority economy topics for GS Paper III. The Indian Express has highlighted the Top 15 topics that can play a decisive role in this year’s exam.

The Union Budget 2025–26 is the first and most crucial. Candidates should revise the government’s emphasis on agriculture, MSMEs, investments, and exports, along with key schemes announced for farmers and small businesses.

The Economic Survey 2024–25 is equally important. Aspirants must understand its analysis of growth trends, fiscal concerns, and schemes such as Jan Aushadhi, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, PM-Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, One Station One Product, Bharatmala, Industrial Corridors, UDAN, Saubhagya, and Bharat Net.

Other areas include India’s progress in infrastructure, digital economy, green energy, and poverty alleviation. These topics not only connect with current policies but also test a candidate’s ability to link economic concepts with real developments.

At this stage, focused revision is more effective than scattered reading. Integrating facts from the budget, survey, and flagship schemes into answers can give aspirants an edge. A well-structured, updated approach could be the key to scoring higher in Mains 2025.