On September 29, 2025, Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu unveiled a 20-point peace plan aimed at ending the Gaza war — but its fate now rests on Hamas’s response. 

Key aspects include: a ceasefire and frozen battle lines pending stages of withdrawal; return of all hostages, alive or dead, within 72 hours of acceptance; and Israel releasing nearly 1,950 Palestinian prisoners in exchange. Hamas members who renounce violence would receive amnesty or safe passage, while Hamas is barred from governance in the new Gaza. 

Governance is to be managed by a technocratic temporary government, overseen by an international “Board of Peace” chaired by Trump, with involvement from figures like Tony Blair. Extensive reconstruction and humanitarian aid would flow under UN supervision, while Gaza would be demilitarized and reinvented as a “New Gaza.” 

While the Palestinian Authority and many Arab states have welcomed the initiative, voices in Gaza and analysts warn of its unrealistic demands on Hamas and lack of clarity on statehood, raising questions about implementation.