The agrarian crisis in India, manifested through issues such as widespread farmer suicides, remains a significant challenge. A recent committee appointed by the Supreme Court, led by retired Justice Nawab Singh, has highlighted the need for legal recognition of Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for farmers. Although its recommendations are not binding, they are likely to influence the court’s perspective as it continues deliberating on the resolution of ongoing farmer protests.

India’s agrarian sector has long faced a viability crisis, with a growing reliance on practices like stubble burning, which further exacerbates environmental issues such as air pollution and soil degradation. Despite these challenges, the legal sanctity of MSP has been debated. Supporters argue that MSP has helped ensure food security for millions, but critics point to its adverse effects in states like Punjab, where it has led to water scarcity and unsustainable farming practices.

While MSP has played a vital role in securing the nation’s food supply, it cannot address the deeper issues of sustainability and farmer livelihood. A more comprehensive political dialogue is needed to address the broader challenges of India’s agricultural economy, including diversifying sources of employment outside of farming. Without such a shift, the issues facing the sector are unlikely to be resolved.

As the Supreme Court considers these matters, it is clear that a multi-faceted approach is necessary, one that balances immediate food security needs with long-term agricultural sustainability.