China is currently facing a rise in human metapneumovirus (HMPV) cases, raising concerns about another health crisis after the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospitals are overcrowded, with reports suggesting the presence of multiple viruses, including HMPV, influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and COVID-19.

HMPV is a respiratory virus that can cause both upper and lower respiratory infections, affecting people of all ages. However, it is particularly risky for young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. First identified in 2001, the virus causes flu-like symptoms, including cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, it can lead to bronchitis or pneumonia. The incubation period typically ranges from three to six days, with symptoms varying in duration depending on the infection's severity.

HMPV spreads in ways similar to other respiratory viruses, including through droplets from coughing and sneezing, close contact, and touching contaminated surfaces. Preventive measures include regular handwashing, avoiding face-touching, and cleaning frequently touched surfaces.

Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for HMPV, and medical care focuses on symptom management. While HMPV shares similarities with COVID-19, such as respiratory symptoms and transmission through droplets, it typically peaks during winter and spring. Experts suggest that the surge in HMPV cases after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions is due to weakened immunity from lockdowns, leading to an increase in respiratory infections once precautions were relaxed.