The Daruma doll (Japanese: 達磨) is a hollow, round, traditional Japanese talisman inspired by Bodhidharma, the 5th–6th century Indian monk and founder of Zen Buddhism. Crafted from papier-mâché, it has no limbs and weighted at the base, ensuring it always rights itself when tipped over—a physical embodiment of resilience and the proverb nanakorobi yaoki (“fall down seven times, get up eight”).

Typically painted bright red with distinctive facial hair, Daruma dolls symbolize good luck, perseverance, and success. The ritual begins blank-eyed: you fill in one eye when setting a goal and the second upon achieving it turning it into a tangible reminder of focus and accountability.

Beyond personal use, Darumas feature prominently in Japanese festivals, especially in Takasaki (Gunma Prefecture)—the production center and spiritual birthplace of these dolls. Temples run annual ceremonies where used Darumas are ritually burned, offering gratitude and renewal.

Recently, the Daruma doll has also played a diplomatic role: PM Modi was gifted a Daruma during his visit to Japan—a gesture rich in symbolism. It highlights both nations’ shared cultural roots tracing back to Bodhidharma of Kancheepuram in India.