India has officially moved towards 20% ethanol-blended petrol (E20) as part of its clean energy transition. The Supreme Court recently dismissed a plea challenging this nationwide rollout, emphasizing that the policy benefits farmers, saves foreign exchange, and reduces carbon emissions.

Ethanol, made largely from sugarcane, offers farmers better income opportunities while helping India cut dependence on costly crude oil imports. The government also claims E20 provides “better acceleration and ride quality.”

However, challenges remain. Many vehicles manufactured before April 2023 are not compatible with E20, raising concerns about engine wear, reduced fuel efficiency, and lack of consumer choice. Petitioners argued that India should follow global practices, where ethanol-free petrol is still available alongside blended fuel, so that motorists can make informed decisions.

From an environmental and economic lens, E20 is a step toward sustainability. But from a consumer perspective, awareness, transparency, and gradual adaptation are essential. The key question is whether India can balance green energy goals with consumer protection and vehicle safety.