The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is expanding to include Afghanistan through a new trilateral agreement between China, Pakistan, and the Taliban-led Afghan government.

This expansion aims to boost Afghanistan's economy by improving trade, transport, and energy connectivity in South Asia, opening new infrastructure and employment opportunities in the war-torn nation. However, this development raises significant concerns for India.

India fears a reduction in its influence in Afghanistan, where it has invested in key projects like highways and hospitals.

Strategically, China's extended presence through CPEC deepens its reach near India's western borders, strengthening the "String of Pearls" strategy aimed at encirclement. Security risks also rise, especially regarding Kashmir and regional stability.

Additionally, China's access to Afghanistan's rich mineral resources could challenge India’s industrial interests.

This move also threatens India's investments in the Chabahar Port and the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), as CPEC offers a competing route for connectivity to Central Asia.

Overall, Afghanistan's inclusion in CPEC marks a significant shift in South Asian geopolitics.