In the world of business finance, two important metrics often come up: EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization) and PAT (Profit After Tax). Both are used to evaluate a company’s financial health, but they focus on different aspects of profitability.

EBITDA represents a company’s earnings derived from core operations, excluding the effects of financing, tax policies, and non-cash expenses like depreciation and amortization. It helps investors and analysts assess the operational efficiency of a business without the influence of external factors like tax structure or capital expenditures. EBITDA is particularly useful for comparing companies within the same industry since it isolates operational performance.

On the other hand, PAT reflects a company’s net profit after all expenses, including interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization, have been accounted for. It provides a more comprehensive picture of a company’s financial health, showing how much profit remains after all operational and non-operational costs.

Key Differences:

1. Scope of Calculation: EBITDA focuses on operational performance, while PAT shows the final profit after all costs.

2. Exclusions: EBITDA excludes interest, taxes, depreciation, and cost allocation for intangible assets, whereas PAT includes all these factors.

3. Purpose: EBITDA is often used to evaluate operational efficiency and compare companies, while PAT provides insight into overall profitability and a company’s ability to generate profits after all expenses.

In short, while EBITDA offers insight into operational profitability, PAT paints the complete picture of a company’s financial success after all costs are accounted for. Both are essential for making informed business decisions.